The, Some and Any
1、some和any可用于不可数名词及复数可数名词之前,some通常用于肯定句,any通常用于否定句或疑问句中。但在期待得到肯定答复的疑问句中也可以用some,而在肯定句中表示“随便哪个,任何一个”的含义时也可以用any。
These are the only meat pies I have. Do you want some of them?
Yes, please. Any meat pies will do.
2、有些形容词可以用于the之后(决不能用于a/an之后),表示作为整体的群体,如the blind,the deaf,the living,the dead,the rich,the poor,the young,the old。这些形容词后要跟复数动词,不可用这些形容词本身来指个体:
The Government always makes sure that the old are cared for.
This is a special school for the deaf.
如果想指单数个体,则可以说:
Sam is a young man with a lot of money.
3、当下列名词指其“主要目的”,即与其相关的动作时,要用零冠词(即名词前没有冠词)。这类名词有bed,church,class,college,hospital,market,prison,school,sea,university,work。
但在特指的东西面前要用the,泛指同类事物中的任何一个时则用a。
4、在形容词/副词的最高级前面要用the,但当most表示“大多数”时它前面则不加the。
the most 最
most of the… 大部分的……
most of the young people 大部分年轻人
Most young men have to work hard.
Most buildings in this district belong to the government.